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Python Basic

1. Python Output

Python Output

Say hello to world
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print("Hello Data Points")
Your Name
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print("Rudra")
Number
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print(7)
Decimal
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print(3.3)
Boolean
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print(True)
Bunch of Text
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print("India", 7, 4.5, False, True, "z")

Print Parameter

`sep`
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print("India", 7, 4.5, False, True, "z", sep="|")
`sep` Output
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India|7|4.5|False|True|z

Example 1

end
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# Defalut is '\n'
print('hello')
print('world')
next line
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print('Hello \nWorld')
Output
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# Both output is the same
hello
world

Example 2

`end`
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print('hello', end='---')
print('world')
--- output
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hello-world

2. Data Types

Data Type

Integer
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print(8)
print(1e309)
Output
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8
inf

Decimal/Float
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print(8.55)
print(1.7e309)
Output
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8.55
inf

Boolean
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print(True)
print(False)
Output
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True
False

String
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print('Hello World')
Output
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Hello World


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print(5+6j)
Output
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(5+6j)

List
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print([1,2,3,4,5])
Output
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[1,2,3,4,5]

Tuple
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print( (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) )
Output
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(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Sets
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print({1,2,3,4,5})
Output
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{1,2,3,4,5}

Dictionary
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print({'name':'Rudra', 'gender':'Male', 'weight':65})
Output
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{'name':'Rudra', 'gender':'Male', 'weight':65}

Type
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type([12, 3, 4])
Output
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list

3. Variables

Info

Variables
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name = "Rudra"
print(name)

a = 5
b = 6

print(a + b)
Output
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Rudra
11

Dynamic Typing
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a = 5
a = 10
a = 15
Output
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15

Dynamic
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a = 5
b = 2
c = 5

print(a + b + c)
Output
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15
5 5 5

4. Comments

Comments

Single Line Comment
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# This is single line comment
Output
1

Multiline Comment
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'''
This
is 
multi line
comment
'''

"""
This
is 
multiline
comment
"""
Output
1

5. Keywords & Identifiers

Keywords

Keyword
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import keyword
print(keyword.kwlist)
Output
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['False', 'None', 'True', 'and', 'as', 'assert', 'async', 'await', 'break', 'class', 
'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'finally', 'for', 'from', 'global',
'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'nonlocal', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'raise', 'return',
'try', 'while', 'with', 'yield']

Identifiers

  • You can't start with a digit
  • You can't use underscore
  • You can't use special Symbols

6. User Input

Input

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# Take input from user and store them in a variable
fnum = input('enter first number :')
snum = input('enter second number :')

# add tow variables
result = int(fnum) + int(snum)

# print the result
print(result)

print(type(fnum))
# it doesn't change the original data type
Output
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9
<class 'str'>

7. Type Conversion

  • Implicit Type Conversion: This is done automatically by Python.

  • Explicit Type Conversion: This is done by the programmer using predefined functions

Conversion Type

Implicit
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# implicit
print(5+5.6)
print(type(5), type(5.6))
type(5+5.6)
Output
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10.6
<class 'int'> <class 'float'>
float

Error
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print(4 + '4') # this show an error
Output
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----> 1 print(4 + '4') 

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str' 

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# Explicit
# str -> int
print(type(int('4')))

# float -> int
print(int(4.5))

# int -> float
print(float(4))

8. Literals

Literals

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# integer
a = 0b1010 # Binary Literals
b = 100 # Decimal Literal
c = 0o310 # Octal Literal
d = 0x12c # Hexadecimal Literal

#float Literal
float_1 = 10.5
float_2 = 1.5e2 #1.5 * 1o^2  --> Very big
float_3 = 1.5e-3 #1.5 * 1o^-3 -->Very small

# complex Literal
x = 3.14j

print(a, b, c, d)
print(float_1, float_2, float_3)
print(x, x.imag, x.real)
Output
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10 100 200 300
10.5 150.0 0.0015
3.14j 3.14 0.0


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string = 'This is Python' # single quotation
strings = "This is Python" # double quotation

char = 'Python'
multieple_line = '''Hello Data Points'''
raw_str = r"raw \n string"

unicode = u"\U0001F642\u2764\U0001F606"

print(string)
print(strings)
print(char)
print(multieple_line)
print(raw_str)
print(unicode)
Output
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This is Python
This is Python
Python
Hello Data Points
raw \n string
🙂❤😆


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# Unicode characters

smile = "\U0001F642"  # 🙂
laugh = "\U0001F602"  # 😂
laughing = "\U0001F606"  # 😆
clapping = "\U0001F44F"  # 👏
dancing = "\U0001F483"  # 💃
heart = "\u2764"  # ❤️

print("Smile:", smile)
print("Laugh:", laugh)
print("Laughing:", laughing)
print("Clapping:", clapping)
print("Dancing:", dancing)
print("Heart:", heart)
Output
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Smile: 🙂
Laugh: 😂
Laughing: 😆
Clapping: 👏
Dancing: 💃
Heart: ❤


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# internal python think True = 1 & False = 0

a = True + 4
b = False + 10

print("a:", a)
print("b:", b)
Output
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a: 5
b: 10


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R = None
print(R)
Output
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None